The Development Decision Ladder: five decisions, in the right order.

Skip a step, and the cost shows up later — with interest.

Where do you enter the Development Decision Ladder?
1
STEP 1

Should I move forward?

in escrow / new buy

2
STEP 2

Which path do I pursue?

Evaluate scenarios

3
STEP 3

Will the agency approve it?

Validate path

4
STEP 4

How do I get permits?

Obtain approvals

5
STEP 5

How do I stay compliant?

Build & close out

Not sure where to start? Book a 30-minute discovery call →

WATCH · 90 SEC

How decisions in the right order change your outcome.

AT A GLANCE

Every step covers all six disciplines — at greater depth each time.

DISCIPLINE STEP 1Screening Report STEP 2Underwrite STEP 3Pre-App Review STEP 4Design & Permitting STEP 5Construction Compliance
PLANNING Pathway sketch Entitlement strategy memo Pre-app package + IS/MND Project Description, Alternatives, & CEQA Conditions tracking + MMRP
ENVIRONMENTAL Red-flag screen BRA, ESA, cultural, wetland desktop Wetland delineation, focused surveys Permit-ready studies WEAP, monitoring, mitigation
DESIGN HBU snapshot Conceptual site plan, massing Entitlement-level plan sets Improvement-level plan sets Field verification, mitigation site planning
ENGINEERING Constraint screen Pre-design desk check Civil entitlement plans Construction-ready civil + grading Stormwater compliance, mitigation grading
REGULATORY Permit pathway scan Permit roadmap Pre-app agency signal Permit packages (404/401/LSA/ etc.) Local + state + federal compliance, banks/ILF
COST, MARKET & RISK ROM cost stack + margin killers Market demand, scenario economics Risk register, schedule contingency Cost forecast, schedule variance Compliance cost, mitigation credits

THE FIVE STEPS

Each decision you make earns the next.

Sequence your development project by answering each question in the right order. You only commit to the next decision when the prior answer supports it.

Step 1 — Should I move forward?

~1 week · Fixed fee

DECISION ANSWERED

Proceed / Pause / Walk Away

Is this site worth pursuing — and what are the viable paths?

BEST FOR

In escrow, just acquired, considering development or a sale, or received a rezone notice. Need fast clarity from available data.

WHAT YOU GET

Desktop triage. Clear verdict with rationale. 2–3 viable path options with net proceeds, timeline, and capital at risk compared.

Assumptions + Verification Ledger

RECENT ENGAGEMENT

Slakey Brothers, Elk Grove: scenario tradeoffs and a defensible mitigation path delivered in one week.

Step 2 — Which path do I pursue?

4–8 weeks · Fixed fee

DECISION ANSWERED

Which path to pursue
Scenario selection and partner / lender package before committing to full entitlement.

BEST FOR

Choosing between viable paths. Need defensible ranges for a partner, lender, or acquisition decision.

WHAT YOU GET

2–4 scenarios with range-based schedule and cost risk, risk register, financial model, and investor-ready deck.

Scenario Table + Risk Register + Critical Path

RECENT ENGAGEMENT

Linda Real Estate, Greenwood: scenario tradeoffs and partner-ready underwrite delivered in 4 weeks.

Step 3 — Will the agency approve it?

8–12 weeks · Fixed fee

DECISION ANSWERED

Agency signal before major design spend
The same feedback mid-permit can cost six figures and months of delay.

BEST FOR

You’ve picked a scenario. Need an agency reaction before committing major design dollars.

WHAT YOU GET

Agency-ready concept, coordinated pre-application meeting with the lead permitting agency, and refined path recommendation.

Agency Question Set + Pre-App Readiness Checklist

RECENT ENGAGEMENT

Los Angeles County infill: pre-app surfaced constraints that redirected the project back to the underwrite — exactly how the ladder is supposed to work.

Step 4 — How do I get permits?

Project-dependent · Months to years

DECISION ANSWERED

Full permit execution
Land use, environmental, building, and licensing approvals end to end.

BEST FOR

Path confirmed, agency aligned, design committed. Ready to submit and run approvals.

WHAT YOU GET

Complete permit packages, agency coordination, critical path tracking, and conditions management. In-house except subconsultant specialties.

Permitting Critical Path Tracker + Conditions Plan

RECENT ENGAGEMENT

Monte Vista Memorial Gardens: six agencies coordinated end-to-end — local, state, and federal — through approval and closeout.

Step 5 — How do I stay compliant?

Long-term · As required

DECISION ANSWERED

Post-approval obligations met
Through construction and operations — conditions tracked to responsible parties and deadlines.

BEST FOR

Approved or in construction. Managing conditions of approval, monitoring, reporting, and closeout.

WHAT YOU GET

Conditions tracked to responsible parties and deadlines. Monitoring and compliance documentation through construction. Final sign-off and occupancy handoff.

Compliance Matrix

RECENT ENGAGEMENT

Pulte Riverstone: NBHCP compliance program executed within seasonal windows, agency record kept clean.

Ready to find your entry point?

Tell us about your site. We’ll help you find your entry point on the ladder.
We guarantee correct work, documented assumptions, and defensible ranges — never approvals or valuations.

No documents required · No long-term commitment · Each step authorized separately

Cox Planning Solutions · Strategic Planning & Permitting

This page describes a planning-level advisory service. Nothing on this page constitutes legal advice, a licensed appraisal, a broker price opinion, or a guarantee of entitlement or approval. Consult a licensed real estate attorney and qualified financial advisor before making investment or development decisions.